Chicory is known today as chicory, endive, and in some areas it is even called chicory.
Some say the word has Egyptian origins.
However, the Egyptians call the word Ηindiba, from which we get the word Antidi (The word “antidi” in Latin is called “endivia”, which comes from the ancient Greek word ἔντυβον).
The Arabic dictionary of the century states that hindiba is "apparently of European origin." Chicory has been known since ancient times and is mentioned in the Ebers papyrus 4.000 years BC. Theophrastus, Dioscorides and Pliny refer to this species with the names chicory or chicory, tame seris, bitter gourd, etc.
Some claim that the word is of unknown origin, however, at the time the ancient Greeks had the name Cichoreion and from this word the Latins created the word Cichoreum and the French the word chicorée, this word has Greek origin, that is, a Greek root.
(In Latin, Cichoreum (neuter gender) refers to chicory, succory, or endive.
It is the Latin name for the plant Cichorium intybus. The word is derived from the Ancient Greek kikhorῐον (kĭkhórĭon) (In Arabic, chicory can be referred to as هندباء برية (hindibā' barriyya) or هندباء) hindibā'). It can also be referred to as سریس) sirīs) or شیکوریا) šīkūriyā). The term “hindbeh” or “hendbe” is also used in Lebanese Arabic to refer to chicory and other similar wild greens)
Historically Important Facts
Ancient Egypt:
Chicory was used for medicinal purposes, including its leaves, roots, and flowers, and may be the origin of the name “chicory” itself from the Egyptian word “Ctchorium,” according to some scholars.
(The word “Cichorium” is the genus name for chicory, and while not directly found as an Egyptian word, it has roots in ancient Egyptian language and culture. The Egyptian word “tybi,” referring to the month of January, is thought to be a precursor to the Latin “intybus,” which is part of the chicory's scientific name. Additionally, chicory itself was used medicinally and culinarily by the ancient Egyptians, indicating their familiarity with the plant)
Translated into Greek by Dimitris Symeonidis
(The word “Cichorium” is the genus name for chicory and, while not directly found as an Egyptian word, has roots in the ancient Egyptian language and culture. The Egyptian word “tybi”, referring to the month of January, is thought to be a precursor to the Latin word “intybus”, which forms part of the scientific name for chicory. Furthermore, chicory itself was used medicinally and culinary by the ancient Egyptians, indicating their familiarity with the plant.)
According to the above, this word has not been found in the ancient Egyptian language. Ancient Greece and Rome: The leaves of the radish were consumed in salads.
Medieval Europe:
Chicory roots were used as a coffee substitute during coffee shortages. 18th century: The use of chicory as a coffee additive became widespread in Europe, particularly in the Prussian Empire, where it was used to reduce coffee consumption.
19th century:
Chicory became a popular addition to coffee in France, and its cultivation for this purpose expanded. 20th century: The use of chicory as a coffee substitute declined after World War II, but its use in foods and beverages as a source of inulin has increased.
Phillip Island, Australia:
The cultivation of chicory for coffee began in the late 19th century, with the first kiln being built in 1873. Chicory has been known since ancient times and is mentioned in the Ebers Papyrus 4.000 years BC. Theophrastus, Dioscorides and Pliny refer to this species under the names chicory or chicory, tame chicory, bitter chicory, etc. Galen calls it "friend of the liver".
Chicories belong to the cichorium category and are distinguished in many species such as wild, domestic (or otherwise endive), chard, Italian, chicory, Witloof or Brussels, even chicory for the production of coffee substitute exists. And we are talking about those that are cultivated, not the wild ones. Their common characteristic is their bitter taste that gives them a special delicacy.
Radishes are winter plants that we start to see from autumn to spring. They are found throughout Europe, North America and northern Asia, generally in the northern hemisphere, although they have now colonized almost everywhere in the world. They are consumed immediately, since their nutritional value is lost very quickly. They are eaten raw in salads, often mixed with other salads, or boiled with oil and lemon. However, they are also cooked with meat, made into soups or used as a filling for vegetable pies. The roots are also used dried, alone or together with the plant. In addition to its herbal therapeutic action, they are also used as a coffee substitute (after drying). If they are not boiled the same day, it is necessary to store them at the bottom of the refrigerator, sealed in airtight plastic bags, suitable for food, from which most of the air will be removed by squeezing them. It is also necessary to clean them without washing them, because moisture promotes the multiplication of microorganisms present in them, causing them to spoil.
Washing is done in cold water. We should not let them soak for a long time, because many of their ingredients dissolve in water and thus reduce their nutritional value. Washing should be done as carefully as possible. If we suspect that the greens we are going to eat come from pastures or have been visited by dogs and are likely to have parasite eggs (ticks, sea urchins) stuck to them, it is a good idea to soak them first in vinegar water, to facilitate the detachment of waste.
On Line Etymology Dictionary
Translated into Greek by Dimitris Symeonidis
chicory (noun) popular name for a common plant with blue flowers (Cichorium intybus) cultivated for its root, late 14th century, cicoree (modern form from mid-15th century), from Old French cicorée “chicory, chicory” (15th century, Modern French chicorée), from Latin cichoreum, from Greek kikhorion (plural kikhoreia) “chicory”, which is of unknown origin.
Klein suggests a connection with the Old Egyptian keksher “radicchio” (the plant is said to have been cultivated and used in ancient Egypt). The modern English form comes from French influence. Compare endive. also from the late 7th century.
On Line Etymology Dictionary chicory(n.) popular name of a common blue-flowered plant (Cichorium intybus) cultivated for its root, late 14c., cicoree (modern form from mid-15c.), from Old French cicorée “endive, chicory” (15c., Modern French chicorée), from Latin cichoreum, from Greek kikhorion (plural kikhoreia) “endive,” which is of unknown origin. Klein suggests a connection with Old Egyptian keksher "chicory" (the plant is said to have been grown and used in ancient Egypt).
The modern English form is from French influence. Compare endive. also from late 14c. On Line Etymology Dictionary
Translated into Greek by Dimitris Symeonidis
endive (n.) in Britain, "a lettuce-like salad plant of the daisy family"; in the US, "bleached shoots of Cichorium intybus" (a plant related to Cichorium endiva, the British "endive"), late 14th century, from Old French endi (14th century), from Medieval Latin endivia or a related Roman source, from Latin intibus. This is probably connected in some way with the Medieval Greek entybon, which, according to Klein, may be of Eastern origin (compare Egyptian tybi "January", the season when the plant grows in Egypt).
The Arabic dictionary of the century states that hindiba is “apparently of European origin”. (Dioscorides or Dioscorides the Pedanian or Anazarbeus (ca. 10 AD – 90 AD) was an important Greek Physician, Rhizotome, Pharmacist – Pharmacologist and Botanist) Reading about Dioscorides, Klein makes a mistake: the word (Entybon) ἔντυβο is not medieval but ancient Greek and from this word they have the word Antidi which the Latins took and made the word endivia.
Few culinary terms cause as much confusion as endive and chicory. The basic problem is that what the British call endive the Americans call chicory, and what the British call chicory the Americans call endive (the French side with the Americans: the British endive is translated as the French chicorée). [Ayto, “Diner's Dictionary”]
The original meaning of the word in Middle English was the same as the modern American one, but when Cichorium endiva, distinguished by its annual root, much longer aniseed pappus, and less bitter taste, arrived in Europe from Asia in the 16th century, the confusion of names began.
On Line Etymology Dictionary endive(n.) in Britain, “lettuce-like salad plant of the daisy family?” in US, “blanched shoots of Cichorium intybus” (a plant related to the Cichorium endiva, the British “endive”), late 14c., from Old French endive (14c.), from Medieval Latin endivia or a related Romanic source, from Latin intibus. This probably is connected in some way with Medieval Greek entybon, which Klein says is perhaps of Eastern origin (compare Egyptian tybi “January,” the time the plant grows in Egypt). Century Dictionary says Arabic hindiba is "appar. of European origin." Few culinary terms cause such confusion as endive and chicory.
The basic problem is that what the British call endive the Americans call chicory, and what the British call chicory the Americans call endive (the French side with the Americans: British endive translates as French chicorée). [Ayto, “Diner's Dictionary”] The original sense of the word in Middle English was the same as the modern American one, but when the Cichorium endiva, distinguished by its annual root, much longer unequal pappus, and less bitter taste, arrived in Europe from Asia in the 16c., the confusion of names began. Etymological dictionary of French words derived from Greek, CHICORÉE, SF IN GREEK Kichore (Kichore), and Kichorion (Kichorion), which is formed from the Egyptian according to Pliny.Botanists are formed from the 11 Chicoracée, adj.which refers to plants that have some connection with chicory Etymological dictionary of French words derived from Greek, CHICORÉE, SF IN GREEK Kichore (Kichorion) and Kichorion (Kichorion), which is formed from the Egyptian according to Pliny.
Botanists form it from “Chicoracée”, an adjective that refers to plants that have some relation to chicory.
Ancient Sources:
Alexander Med., Therapeutica Volume 2, page 459, line 8 And if those who have the water have a fever, they do not see any of those who are warming themselves to be anointed either on the viscera or on dressings or poultices or antidotes or purgatives, but it is enough to take the vegetables, either the dressing and the food or the mixed chard or the chard, 12 and even chicory or the heads of celery. Galenus Med., De compositione medicamentorum secundum locos libri x Volume 12, page 574, line 3 or chicory, the Roman called intybus cabbage, attacks the sufferer's head, especially if it is from a burning pain.
Scholia In Nicandrum, Scholia et glossae in Nicandri alexipharmaca (scholia vetera et recentiora) Scholion 429a, line 1 and also · types of cabbage. Dioscorides Pedanius Med., De materia medica (recensiones e codd. Vindob. med. gr. 1 + suppl. gr. 28; Laur. 73, 41 + 73, 16 + Vind. 93) (0656: 003) “Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei de materia medica libri quinque, vols. 1–2”, Ed. Wellmann, M. Berlin: Weidmann, 1:1907; 2:1906, Repr. 1958. 13 Book 3, section 64a, line 11 · and this they call sochite, and they dress it wild, Romans we saw wild, foaming at the mouth. and the porridge, being absorbed, soothes the stomach's pain.
Conclusion
The English Word Chicory is the Ancient Greek Word Kichorium. Reading this study, which is original, you will find that most of those who present themselves as experts in the etymology of words, are deliberately lying to us. Some say that the word has an Egyptian origin. However, the Egyptians call the word Hindiba and from it we have the word Antidi (The word “antidi” we are told comes from the Latin word “endivia”, which with its corruption ended up in the Greek “antidi”). The Arabic dictionary of the century states that hindiba is “apparently of European origin”. From the Egyptian word “Ctchorium”, according to some scholars they say that the word Chicory comes.
However, this word is not found in Arabic (14 Dictionaries but draw a conclusion from Egyptian culture and language). Now the supposedly Latin word endiva, a related Roman source, states that it comes from the Latin word intibus. We are also told that this is probably connected in some way with the medieval Greek word entybon, which, according to Klein, may be of Eastern origin.
Here they tell us fairy tales, if they had looked into ancient Greek dictionaries they would have found that the word Endivia is the ancient Greek word ἔντυβον. Therefore, the modern word Antidi also comes from the ancient Greek word ἔντυβον
Sources: Thesaurus of the Greek Language (TLG) On Line Etymology Dictionary Dictionnaire etymologiques des mots françois dérivés du grec isofruit.gr/radikia-chicory/ chicory its history
photo David_Will, https://pixabay.com
