Heatwaves are not just a natural phenomenon that makes our daily lives difficult. They are an insidious threat to the body, especially for those with sensitive or compromised respiratory systems. When the temperature rises dangerously, the human body makes an over-effort to maintain its thermal balance, with the lungs actively participating in this invisible battle.
Η Pulmonologist, Mata Tsikrika, President of the Hellenic Association of Pulmonologists, explains – speaking to Greek news and radio FL– why breathing becomes more difficult in heat waves, how patients with asthma or COPD are affected, and what precautionary measures should be taken in order to avoid serious complications such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke.
Read what happens to our bodies when the thermometer rises and how we can protect our health.
- What happens to the human body when exposed to very high temperatures?
"During a heat wave, the human body activates complex thermoregulation mechanisms, with the main goal of maintaining body temperature at normal levels.
The Respiratory, although it is not the main cooling mechanism —like the skin through sweating— plays an essential role in heat dissipation through the exhalation of warm air and the increase in respiratory rate."
- How does the heatwave affect our breathing?
"In heatwave conditions, the body's exposure to increased ambient temperature, combined with humidity and reduced air circulation, makes it difficult to dissipate heatThe body reacts with vasodilation and increased sweat production, while at the same time, respiratory rate increases to enhance heat loss through the lungs. This burden is particularly the respiratory system, which "works" intensively to maintain the balance of the body."
- Who is most at risk? Are there vulnerable groups?
"Yes, and unfortunately there are many. People with chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), are particularly burdened. The inhalation of hot and, often, polluted air can cause irritation and inflammation of the airways, leading to shortness of breath, coughing or asthma attacks. At the same time, the dehydration, which often accompanies excessive sweating, reduces the body's ability to eliminate secretions, making breathing even more difficult."
- What measures can prevent complications?
"Protecting the organization requires coordinated preventionIt is important to stay in cool, well-ventilated areas, yes we hydrate ourselves adequately and yes we avoid physical fatigue during high temperature hours. Special care must also be given to vulnerable populations: elderly, infants and patients with respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.
Η timely public information and preventive action are crucial tools for the avoiding heat exhaustion or heat stroke, two serious situations, which threaten life amid extreme temperatures."
Η heat not is only annoying it can to done dangerous
The heat wave, as Ms. Tsikrika warns, it's not just a difficult weather condition, but one risk multiplier for health, especially for those already facing respiratory or other chronic problems. Knowing the physiological effects of heat on the body and taking timely measures can save lives.
Η Our breath is life and, on days with extreme temperatures, paying attention to its care is our most powerful weapon.
